ABSTRACT
Las parasitosis intestinales representan uno de los problemas más importantes de salud en Venezuela desde los puntos de vista de salud pública y desarrollo socioeconómico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de enteroparásitos en niños menores de 12 años de 45 comunidades del estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela. Se analizaron 5.876 muestras mediante examen directo y concentración por Kato, y se describieron las características geotopográficas por municipios, señalándose el parásito marcador de la localidad. La prevalencia general fue de 74,6%, siendo significativamente mayor en niños de 4-9 años (53,8%). Globalmente predominaron los protozoarios (82,5%), Blastocystis spp. (25,9%), Giardia intestinalis (20,6%) y Entamoeba coli (18,4%). Entre los helmintos los más comunes fueron Ascaris lumbricoides (6,9%), Trichuris trichiura (6,4%) y anquilostomideos (2,7%). Se concluyó que existe una elevada prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en la población infantil evaluada de la geografía anzoatiguense, abarcando costa, región montañosa con su piedemonte y las planicies de la mesa de Guanipa. El poliparasitismo a expensas de comensales observado en algunas comunidades, alerta sobre las precarias condiciones de salubridad que poseen, particularmente respecto a la calidad sanitaria del agua de consumo. Se sugiere realizar actividades de intervención educativa frecuentes para disminuir este problema de salud pública.
Intestinal parasitic diseases represent one of the most important health problems in Venezuela from both public health and socioeconomic development points of view. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of enteroparasites in children under 12 years old at 45 communities of Anzoategui State, Venezuela. The study included the analysis of 5,876 samples taken by direct examination and Kato concentration, and the geotopographic characteristics were described by municipality, identifying the marker parasite per locality. The overall prevalence was 74.6%, significantly higher in children 4-9 years old (53.8%). Globally, protozoa predominated (82.5%): Blastocytis spp. (25.9%), Giardia intestinalis (20.6%) and Entamoeba coli (18.4%). Among helmints, the most common were Ascaris lumbricoides (6.9%), Trichuris trichiura (6.4%), and hookworms (2.7%). It was concluded that there is a high prevalence of enteroparasites in the child population of the Anzoategui State geography evaluated, which includes a mountainous region with its piedmont and the plane regions of the Guanipa mesa. The polyparasitism at the expense of commensals observed in some communities reflects their precarious sanitary conditions, especially regarding the quality of the drinking water available, suggesting that health education activities be carried out frequently to decrease this public health problem.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de Enterobius vermicularis en la población de menores de 12 años de edad, del área rural de la zona norte del estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela. Las poblaciones en estudio se describieron según municipios, características socioeconómicas de sus residentes y geotopografía. Fueron evaluados 2.423 niños mediante el método ovoscópico de Graham. La aplicación de la prueba de la cinta adhesiva permitió estimar una prevalencia de 19,4% de enterobiosis. Las diferencias entre las frecuencias de infección según edades y género no fueron significativas. Se evidenció un mayor porcentaje de infección en el género masculino que en el femenino (53,2% vs 46,8%) y, en general, en el rango etario de 7 a 12 años. Esta enterohelmintiosis presenta subregistros en el país, pues el método de la cinta adhesiva no se realiza de forma rutinaria para el diagnóstico sino la técnica coproparasitológica, que posee menor sensibilidad para visualizar los huevos o las formas adultas del verme.
The purpose of this study was to determine Enterobius vermicularis prevalence in children under 12 years old from rural areas of the northern part of Anzoátegui State, Venezuela. The populations under study were described by municipality, socio-economical characteristics of their residents, and geotopography. A total of 2,423 children were evaluated through the Graham ovoscopic method. The application of the adhesive band test gave a 19.4% estimated enterobiosis prevalence. Frequency of infection differences related to age and gender were not significant. There was a higher infection percentage in males than in females (53.2% versus 46.8%), and in general, the age range varied between 7 and 12 years. This enterohelminthiasis presents subregistrations in the country since the adhesive tape method is not used routinely for diagnosis but rather the coproparasitological technique, which is less sensitive for visualizing the eggs or adult forms of the parasite.
ABSTRACT
The first case of envenoming by Latrodectus geometricus in Venezuela is described. The accident occurred at the victims home, in Aragua de Barcelona, Anzoátegui State. The 31-year-old female victim was bitten twice on the left scapular region, in quick succession (within seconds). She developed a hyperactive state of the central, autonomic and peripheral nervous systems with minor local symptoms.
Descreve-se o primeiro caso de envenenamento por Latrodectus geometricus na Venezuela. O acidente ocorreu na residência, em Aragua de Barcelona, Estado Anzoátegui. A paciente de 31 anos de idade foi picada, consecutivamente duas vezes, em segundos, na região escapular esquerda. Ela desenvolveu um quadro de hiperatividade do sistema nervoso central, autonômico e periférico com escassa sintomatologia local.
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Spider Bites/epidemiology , Black Widow Spider , Spider Venoms/poisoning , Spider Bites/drug therapy , Venezuela/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The first two cases of scorpion envenoming caused by Tityus neoespartanus (Buthidae) are described. The accidents took place within human environments (one inside a home and the other inside a school), in the village of La Sierra, Margarita Island, State of Nueva Esparta, northeastern Venezuela. Both cases were moderately severe and developed pancreatic involvement and electrocardiographic abnormalities. This report allows inclusion of Margarita Island among the endemic areas of scorpionism in Venezuela.
Descrevem se os dois primeiros casos de escorpionismo por Tityus neoespartanus (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Os acidentes ocorreram no ambiente antrópico (um no domicilio e outro na escola) na aldeia de La Sierra, Ilha de Margarita, Estado de Nueva Esparta, nordeste da Venezuela. Os dois acidentes, moderadamente graves, cursaram com acometimento pancreático e alterações eletrocardiografias. Este reporte permite incluir à Ilha de Margarita entre as áreas endêmicas de escorpionismo na Venezuela.